Structure Of The Atmosphere

Layers of Atmosphere

layers of atmosphere diagram

Structure Of The Atmosphere

The atmosphere consists of the different layers with the varying temperature and density. Measurement of density is the highest near the surface of the earth and decrease with increasing altitude. The vertical column of atmosphere is dividing into 5 different parts depending upon the temperature and altitude condition. The column of atmosphere troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere.

Troposphere

This is the first layer of the atmosphere. The troposphere is the lower most layer of atmosphere. The average height of troposphere 13 km but it is exchanged to height of 18 kilometre it equator and about extends roughly to a height of 8 km near the poles. The height of the troposphere is greatest at the equator because The Earth takes more heat the Sun in the equator. But the sun's rays in the pole does not reach. earth more sun light absolved heat is transported to great heights of 18 km by strong convection currents. The earth atmosphere fact temperature in this layer decreases at the rate of 1 degree for every 165 m of height . It is most important layer for all biological activity. The density of air decreases with height and so the heat observed is less. It contains the gases density more than 90 to 95% of gases in atmosphere.

Tropoause

The zone separating the troposphere from stratosphere. the air temperature at the tropopause is about - 80 degree cover the equator and - 40 degree cover the poles. The temperature here is nearly constant.

Stratosphere

Stratosphere is the second altitude layer of atmosphere . It is extended from tropopause to mesosphere. The height of stratosphere maximum 50 km on the earth surface. The importance of stratosphere is that it contains the ozone layer and save the earth living organism. ozone layer absorbs UV-ray radiation. ozone layes save the earth surface to harmful energy and radiation. The layer is free from clouds and associated weather activates. hence, it provides ideal good flying conditions for aeroplane.

The end of Stratosphere and starting of mesosphere is called stratopause.

Mesosphere

The mesosphere height situated on the earth suraface 50 to 80 km. The mesosphere situated on above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere. The mesosphere is temperature decreases with increasing height and reaches -100 ° C at an height of 80 km.

Mesopause - The upper limit of mesosphere is called mesopause layer.

Thermosphere

The line above the mesopause is called Thermosphere. The Thermosphere height situated on the earth surface above the 80 to 400 km. Thermosphere contains electrically charged practical zone that is called ionosphere . moving free ions, the radio waves, electronic waves transmitted from the earth are reflected back to the earth by thermosphere.

Thermosphere increasing temperature 4500F to 2482 degree c. The increase in temperature in this layer produces both positively and negatively charged particles, called ions. This layer protects us from metroids, comet or asteroids. Or if a satellite is about to fall on Earth, it protects us. Due to high temperature, substances start burning.

Exosphere

The outermost layer of the atmosphere. The exosphere above the thermosphere the spreading extend beyond on thermosphere 900 km to independent space. the exosphere the temperature range 300 degree Celsius to 1650 degree Celsius.

This layer content only trace of gas like oxygen nitrogen argon and Helium because the lack of gravity allow the gas molecules to escape is easily into space.

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